Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Details
- Written by ARS
- Category: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Hits: 29292
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), new series no. 3-4/2002, pp. 1-32.
O analiză a ratei de răspuns în anchetele de opinie naționale
An analysis of the response rate in national surveys
Mircea Comșa
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The present analysis belongs to the wider context of sample representativeness and of the factors that modify actual sample reported to the project ones. In this article we explored the present state of the response rate in some opinion surveys lead in Romania and the factor that determine it. We identified four categories of factors, of the research and the context / environment. We used for analyses data gathered within several opinion survey conducted by Metro Media Transilvania during 2000-2002.
The main conclusion of the analyses were regarding the extent of the response rate, the factors influencing it, its evolution during the past 3 years, the motivation and the effect of replacements of the survey data. The response rate in the Romanian survey is rather low (60%), due mainly to the quality of the sampling frame (the election list) and not to the subject’ refusals (the refusal rate is rather low – 8%). Even if the selection of the interview operators is intentional, they still exert an influence on the response rate (higher response rates are obtain by the operators with an average experience, who do not have the residence in the locality were they apply the survey, who are interested in the research topic, having an under average scholar grades, and who wear few accesories). The response rate also depends on some characteristic of the research: it is higher in those surveys that are less imposing on the subject – shorter questionnaires, one-wave interviewing. It is also depends on some characteristics of the subjects, being higher in female subjects, from the rural area, more educated and more interested in the research topic.
- Details
- Written by ARS
- Category: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Hits: 14958
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XIII new series no. 3-4/2002, pp. 33-43.
Costurile tranzacționale: incidențe în economie, sociologie și științele politice
Transactional costs: incidences in economics, sociology and political science
Mihai Păunescu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The article is meant to reveal the distinctive features of transaction costs theory and some of its applications, particularly in sociology and political science. As known, the theory has been developed in organisational economics by R.H. Coase and O.E. Williamson and it is strongly associated with the new institutional economics. First, the article proceeds with the introduction of the core concept of the new paradigm, the transaction as a legal transfer of control, a definition of the new paradigm, the transaction as a legal transfer of control, a definition which owes very much to J.R. Commons. The thrust of transaction costs theory is subsequently unveiled in the works of Coase, North and Williamson who seek to explain the emergence of firms and the prevalence of capitalist modes of economic organisation. The difference in the approaches of these authors lies in the way the causal determinations between institutions and transaction costs are conceived. Finally, two applications of the transaction costs theory in explaining economic regulation and the role of government are presented. The basic idea put forward is the new paradigm has changed the perspective in economics, being able to explain differences in economic performances, and has thereafter spanned the boundaries of economics having produced remarkable results in political sciences, development studies and sociology.
- Details
- Written by ARS
- Category: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Hits: 15070
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XIII new series no. 3-4/2002, pp. 53-76.
Antreprenoriatul în domeniul interfoniei. Constelația capitalurilor individuale
Entrepreneurship in the interphone businss. The constellation of individuals capitals
Monica Ungureanu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The study of entrepreneurship in the interphone’s domain, build on the theory of capitals, in the modern man’s thesis and on the diffusion of innovation’s thesis, revealed the importance of capitals’ configuration (human, social and economic capitals) for the adoption and for the economic performance of the entrepreneurial activities.
The findings point up the importance of the individual’s perceptions and mentalities regarding the institutional and economic context and the relevance of exposing to entrepreneurial behaviors for the adoption of entrepreneurship.
Because it involves a high concentration of personal resources, the economic performance in the interphone’s domain is difficult to sustain. The high competition on the interphone’s production and installation market proved to become a powerful inhibitor for the economic performance and profitability of firms.
- Details
- Written by ARS
- Category: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Hits: 32102
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XIII new series no. 3-4/2002, pp. 44-52.
Capitalurile părinților și educația copiilor
Parents' capitals and the education of children
Monica Tobă
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The present study is focused on the relationship between the subjects’ level of education and their parents’ type of social capital. The analysis was carried out for three cohorts or age groups corresponding to different policies in the field of education in the period form 1948 from 2000. The hypotheses or research questions of the study regard the significant predictors for the subject’s level of education – the present study’s assumption was that the father’s educational capital and place of residence would represent significant predictors for all age groups and that the material capital would be a significant independent variable for the last cohort. The main findings of the study confirm the hypothesis concerning the father’s education capital. The subject’s place of residence is significant for all cohorts except for the last one and only one indicator of material capital is a significant predictor for the subject’s level of education. The analysis used a qualitative approach in the form of case studies for a better understanding of the phenomenon under study.
- Details
- Written by ARS
- Category: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Hits: 15755
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XIII new series no. 3-4/2002, pp. 77-92.
Ariile culturale ca matrice de sociabilitate
Cultural areas as matrix of sociability
Dumitru Sandu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): Different sociability variables combine in specific pattern sat the level of cultural areas as subdivisions of historical regions of Romania. The main regional types of sociability in Romania are combinations of closeness-openness, context-conformity in relations with institutions, poverty-richness in network capital. Function of a set of six indicators I determined six types of sociability of public institutions, institutional compliance, group closure and the average pattern. Different cultural areas have specific sociability pattern.