Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. XII, no. 1-2/2014, pp. 74-91.
O revizitare a orașului interbelic: teme urbane la sociologii gustieni
Revisiting the Interwar City. Urban Themes in Gusti's School of Sociology
Șerban Văetiși*
*Facultatea de Studii Europene, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, str. Em. de Martonne nr. 1 , 400090, Cluj-Napoca. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract: The sociology of Gusti School was largely depicted as a rural sociology, approaching topics related to the social life and cultural traditions of the villages. This characterization is, surely, derived from the “monographic survey of the Romanian villages” project and from the monographic method in itself, designed to be applied primarily in rural areas. In this paper I attempt to highlight some topics that targeted different areas of research, particularly, researches that sought to examine specific urban aspects (such as urban migration, urban services, urban poverty, urban ethnicity, urban institutions etc.), that focused their investigation in cities, mainly Bucharest. The thesis of my paper is not to ‘prove’ that Gusti School approached ‘urban themes’ as well (for that matter, an aspect largely known to those familiar with the history of the School), but to consider these research topics together with some social characteristics of cities in interwar Romania. I refer to a series of articles published in Sociologie Românească between 1937 and 1939, and I attempt to analyze how some Gustian sociologists addressed different urban topics covering the problems of the city and the process of urbanization. The paper intends to find out: (a) what kind of socio-cultural realities and political-economic concerns these topics referred to, (b) how were they presented in this sociology journal and other publications of the interwar period, and subsequently, (c) what did these themes mean for these authors, for the Gusti School project and, generally, for the social-political discourses in that time.
Keywords: Monographic school; urban topics; urban sociology; interwar Romanian city.
Cuvinte-cheie: Școala Monografică; teme urbane; sociologie urbană; orașul românesc interbelic.
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. XII, no. 1-2/2014, pp. 92-118.
Contexte de gen: Roluri, drepturi şi mişcări ale femeilor din România la sfârşitul secolului al XIX-lea şi la începutul secolului al XX-lea
Gender Contexts: Women’s Roles, Rights, and Movements in Romania, 1880-1939
Theodora-Eliza Văcărescu*
*Universitatea din Bucureşti, Facultatea de Jurnalism şi Ştiinţele Comunicării, Departamentul de Antropologie culturală şi comunicare, Bd. Iuliu Maniu 1-3, Complex Leu, Corp A, et. 6, sector 6, Bucureşti, România. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract: This article functions as a gender context for women’s participation, work and contribution to some of the sociological research and social interventions during the 1920s and the 1930s in Romania. Women and men that took part in the sociological monographic campaigns, in the royal student teams of the 1934-1938, and in the commanders’ schools within the Social Service in 1938-1939 – all coordinated by Dimitrie Gusti – did not benefit from the same civil provisions, did not have the same political rights, did not share the same social roles, and could not profit from the same professional and personal models and opportunities. In this paper I explore the main aspects concerning the social, legal, and political conditions affecting women’s lives and activities during the last decades of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth. I offer possible answers to such questions as: Which were the dominant gender roles and expectations before and after WWI? What were the parameters of the negotiation space used by women who fit only partially their pre-defined roles? What educational and professional opportunities existed for women? Which were the main attempts at social change and even contestation of the patriarchal order initiated and carried out by women’s organizations? What arguments and strategies did women’s movements mobilized for promoting their civil and political emancipation objectives?
Keywords: women’s history; history of women’s movements; women’s rights; feminism; pre- and interwar Romania; Bucharest Sociological School.
Cuvinte-cheie: istoria femeilor; istoria mişcărilor femeilor; drepturile femeilor; feminism, România ante- şi interbelică.
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. XII, no. 1-2/2014, pp. 133-143.
Serviciul Social – între intervenție socială, propagandă și aglomerare a dezideratelor
Social Service – between Social Intervention, Advocacy and Conglomeration of Desiderata
Ioana-Cristina Moraru*
*Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială, Șoseaua Panduri 90-92, București, România. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract: This article analyzes the institutionalization of the social interventionist policies advocated by the Bucharest Sociological School. I argue that the 1938 Social Service Law and the ensuing establishment of the Social Service must be understood, on the one hand, as the large scale application of Dimitrie Gusti’s previous ideas regarding “cultural work” in the rural world and, on the other hand, as strategies specifically designed to strengthen the newly established royal dictatorship. The Social Service was rendered compulsory for all university graduates in order to bridge the urban-rural divide, rally Romania’s youth to the Carlist cause, create a pool of trained cadres to serve the regime, as well undermine support for the only political force still capable of challenging the Carlist regime, namely the Legionary Movement. Consequently, the article begins by tracing the intellectual origins and organizational precursors of the Social Service. It also explains the socio-political context of these antecedents. The second part of the article details the political considerations that caused the Social Service to be established and then suspended in short order.
Keywords: Social Service Law; Social Service; Dimitrie Gusti; Bucharest Sociological School; Carol II; royal dictatorship.
Cuvinte-cheie: Legea Serviciului Social; Dimitrie Gusti; Școala Sociologică de la București; Carol al II-lea; dictatura regală.
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. XII, no. 1-2/2014, pp. 119-132.
Path Dependency, World Systems Analysis, or Alternative Modernity? Research Notes on Interwar Romania and the Bucharest Sociological School
Ion Matei Costinescu*
*Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială, Șoseaua Panduri 90-92, București. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract: This article assesses the concept of alternative modernity from the perspective of the social modernization and nation-building projects undertaken by the Bucharest Sociological School during the interwar period. The analysis commences with a critique of the theoretical field that hitherto provided the principal explanatory models for understanding interwar Romania, namely the concept of path dependence and world systems theory. It then proceeds to scale down the comparative civilization approach underpinning alternative modernities theory into a more discrete, socially-grounded definition of alternative modernity appropriate to the specific time period and local context. This is accomplished, on the one hand, by means of a critical assessment of recent scholarship pertaining to the alternative modernity of interwar Romania and, on the other hand, by foregrounding the issues of local agency and geopolitical context. I thus argue that the vision of an alternative, quintessentially rural and “Romanian” modernity elaborated by the Bucharest Sociological School was inserted into the social structure by means of a culturally specific program of socio-economic modernization of the rural world. This program was consciously elaborated as a sociologically informed alternative to the dominant, urban forms of modernity prevailing in the West.
Keywords: Interwar Romania; Bucharest Sociological School; path dependency; world-systems theory; local agency; alternative modernities theory.
Cuvinte-cheie: România interbelică; Școala Sociologică de la București; dependența de cale; teoria sistemelor mondiale; agenție locală; teoria modernităților alternative.
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. XII, no. 1-2/2014, pp. 144-147.
(Recenzie) Zoltán Rostás, Antonio Momoc (coordonatori), Bișnițari, descurcăreți, supraviețuitori, Ed. Curtea Veche, București, 2013, 382 p.
Ionuț Butoi*
*Universitatea din București, Facultatea de Sociologie și Asistență Socială, Șoseaua Panduri 90-92, București, România. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..