Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 21172
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 4/2011, pp. 18-30.
Evaluări sociologice și normative privind justiția penală pentru minori din România
Sociological and Normative Assessment of Juvenile Criminal Justice in Romania
Dan Banciu*
*Institutul de Sociologie „Dimitrie Gusti” al Academiei Române, Calea 13 Septembrie, nr. 13, sector 5, 050711, Bucureşti, România. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract: Far from being a homogeneous phenomenon, defined by a specific etiology and by motivations of antisocial nature, juvenile delinquency is a societal problem, whose magnitude and seriousness is evidenced both by official statistics and the reports in the media. The evolution of juvenile delinquency in Romania has been influenced both by the emergence of new "risk" factors and of specific conditions in the current transitional period (impoverishment and pauperization of the population, lack of jobs, increasing number of families with 'problems' and abandoned children, dissolution of family and community control, etc.) and by the inefficiency of the existing system of sanctions and penalties applied to juvenile offenders and the delay in juvenile justice reform. This study attempts to highlight some obstacles and difficulties, older and newer, which impeded the establishment and functioning of a juvenile criminal justice system in Romania, as it exists in other European and North American countries, in order to identify solutions for the optimization of the system of sanctions for juvenile offenders.
Keywords: juvenile offenders, juvenile delinquency, punishment, juvenile justice, alternative sanctions, probation, mediation.
Cuvinte-cheie: delincvent minor, delincvenţă juvenilă, pedeapsă, justiţie pentru minori, sancţiuni alternative, probaţiune, mediere.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20294
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 4/2011, pp. 31-44.
Cornova ca revelator al satului românesc și al monografiei
Cornova as a developer of the Romanian village and the monograph
Sanda Golopenția*
*Brown University, French Studies, Box 1961, Providence, RI 02912, U.S.A. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract: During the summer of 1931 an interdisciplinary team of 55 researchers led by sociologist Dimitrie Gusti studied the life and problems of the village of Cornova (now part of the Republic of Moldova). The present study discusses the texts and approaches that resulted from the encounter between a member of this team, Anton Golopentia, and Cornova. The texts examined (most of them unpublished) include: an article written on the spot that served as a scenario for the sociological film Cornova (by H.H. Stahl, A. Golopentia and T. Posmantir, 1932); two projects (for a sociological village museum; for assessing the regional circulation of the icons painted and sold in the area); a sociological study of the process of urbanization, allowing a global understanding of the covert dynamics of the village and feeding sociological predictions concerning the evolution of the Romanian villages in general; an essay on the village viewed as a friend, meant to complement the sociological description at an existential level; and a typological approach of rural sociology, for which, in the Romanian case, Cornova represented a typical village, accounting for a larger area of Bassarabia.
Keywords: monographic method; rural sociology; urbanization; typology of Romanian villages.
Cuvinte-cheie: metoda monografică; sociologie rurală; orășenizare; tipologia satelor românești.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 19947
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 4/2011, pp. 68-84.
Experienţa cotidiană a muncii plătite. Interviuri cu femei în zona Hunedoara
Paid work as everyday experience. Interviews with Women from Hunedoara
Diana Elena Neaga*
*Universitatea „Nicolae Titulescu”, Calea Văcăreşti 185, Sector 4, Bucureşti. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract: The access to paid work is now an intricate part of the hardcore feminist research agenda, mainly from two different perspectives: either from a moral stand that considers it a good thing for women - a construction that relies on the concept of subtle revolution (meaning that private institutions from within the family change at a slowly but steady pace towards empowering women as a result of their involvement on the labor market) - or from a different perspective, that is mainly concerned with the tensions between the performance of traditional and patriarchal roles and those associated with the actual status of women playing an active part on the labor market, the tensions between career and family life, and of the double burden of women. The main research question of my paper is: How do women perceive their involvement on the labor market and how does this specific form of participation is reflected in their everyday life? My results show the link between paid work and women’s empowerment, and also the way in which this empowerment is (re-)interpreted according to the patriarchal norms (which, in their turn, are deeply internalized by the subjects). Thus, participation in the labor market (involving remuneration) is valued both from the view of income providing and economic independence, but especially for the potential of generating a particular framework in which women could manifest themselves autonomously as individuals, professionals and citizens, directly contributing to the social welfare, not only to that of their own family. These women are simultaneously doing the housework and caring labors due to the gender roles, therefore their double labor day being assumed as a manifestation of their independence.
Keywords: women, paid work, empowerment, patriarchate.
Cuvinte-cheie: femei; muncă plătită; capacitare; patriarhat.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 21038
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 4/2011, pp. 45-67.
Riscuri de excluziune pe piaţa muncii din România a grupului de tineri de 15-24 de ani
Risks of Labor Market Exclusion of the Youth Group Aged 15-24 Years
Floare Chipea*
*Universitatea din Oradea, Departamentul de Sociologie, Asistenţă Socială şi Filozofie, Str. Universităţii nr. 1, Oradea. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract: The article presents a research concerning an important group from Romania, at risk of social exclusion – young people between 15 and 24 years old, which are being exposed at the risk of exclusion from the labor market. The work is structured in three parts, addressing as many issues, respectively an attempt to capture the main aspects of the concept of social exclusion the way they are being presented in the literature, a brief characterization of the socio-economic context in which the studied group is placed and activates and a restoration of the main vulnerabilities that the youth is facing on the labor market. The vulnerabilities have been identified through three focus groups organized with young people at risk of exclusion from the labor market, with the specialists who manage the problem of employment and with some employers, all from Bihor County. The results were fortified with analyzes based on existing data and with results from specialized studies. The identified risks were grouped in two categories, respectively risks arising from the socio-economic context in which young people are living (insufficient jobs that are being inadequate to the educational and vocational training of the youth; unfavorable attitude of the employers towards young people; the unemployment; the long-term unemployment) and risks posed by the particular characteristics of young people (the residence in a rural area; being member of a deinstitutionalized youth group or of a family in difficulty, along with a low level of education, reduced experience and an induced deterrent attitude in seeking a job).
Keywords: youth; social exclusion; unemployment; labor market; Romania.
Cuvinte-cheie: tineret; excluziune socială; şomaj; piaţa forţei de muncă; România.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 27000
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 4/2011, pp. 85-101.
Suportul social și instituțional pentru familiile copiilor cu dizabilități. Influența asupra bunăstării aparținătorilor
Social and Institutional Support for Families of Disabled Children. Influence on the Well-Being of Carers
Claudia Oșvat*, Sergiu Bălțătescu**
*Universitatea din Oradea, Departamentul de Sociologie, Asistenţă socială şi Filozofie, Str.Universităţii nr. 1. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
**Universitatea din Oradea, Departamentul de Sociologie, Asistenţă Socială şi Filozofie, Str.Universităţii nr. 1. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract: Having a disabled child brings strong hardships for the families, with major implications in all spheres of family life. The emotional and financial burden on caregivers may be lightened by support from authorities, family and friends. In this paper we will focus on the effect of received support on the subjective wellbeing of the caregivers. Parents from 172 families living in Bihor County, Romania, have been interviewed, using a questionnaire that measures subjective well-being (life satisfaction), social support from friends, relatives, specialized services in the area, and perceived respect from the community. While income is positively related to life satisfaction, mothers reported lower subjective well-being than males, controlling for other demographics, which seems to show that they are more affected by their child disability. The amount of support received from friends in activities related to child and respect from the communities have a positive influence on subjective well-being of the caregiver, when controlling for socio-demographics and other types of support. On the other hand, emotional support from friends in negatively correlated with subjective well-being. We suppose this was a spurious correlation, this kind of support being regularly associated with dissolution of the family under the pressure of hardships generated by child disability. .
Keywords: family; children with disabilities; social support; subjective well-being.
Cuvinte-cheie: familie; copii cu dizabilităţi; suport social; bunăstare subiectivă.