Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. V, no. 3/2007, pp. 71-87.
Sibiu - Capitală culturală europeană în 2007. Valori comune sau valori specifice?
Sibiu - European Cultural Capital in 2007. Shared or specific values?
Dragoş Dragoman
Abstract: Sibiu benefits in 2007, alongside of Luxembourg, of the title of European Capital of Culture. The reason for granting Sibiu this title resides perhaps in a peaceful ethnic climate that makes the city seem different from the regional ethnic relationships. Sibiu has already been noticed for the electoral behavior of its citizens and for the cooperation existing between the elites of his ethnic segments. All this could mean Sibiu is a different place. Yet the comparative analysis of the local and national backgrounds tells another story. People living in Sibiu are not very different from their fellow citizens living in Romania regarding a wide range of issues, as tolerance, trust, commitment or solidarity. Still the intense cultural contact occurring this year in the city might have an effect on the local background.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. V, no. 3/2007, pp. 42-70.
Excluderea muncitorilor din centrul Clujului. Gentrificare într-un oraş central-european
The exclusion of worker families from the city center of Cluj. Gentrification in a Central-European city
Norbert Petrovici
*Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca
Abstract: The logic of the top-down modernization in Central Europe and the key role played by actors with cultural capital who are concentrated around state institutions, transformed the centers of these cities. They were under the constant pressure of gentrification from the cultural bourgeoisie. At the time being, the new wave of gentrification is the result of a complex process of connection to the time and space of global fluxes of capitalism, in and with the ruins of socialism. In this case, the term “ruins of socialism” has a very specific meaning: most of the old precommunist towns have been surrounded by the new socialist neighborhoods, having workers as the majority of their residents. Starting with the case of Cluj we are interested with the symbolic locational disparities and in the way in which the socialist and postsocialist epoch created centrality. The spatial dynamic between the socialist neighborhoods and the postsocialist areas is not only an economic one but also a symbolic one. We try to grasp the processes of creating symbolic centrality and the exclusion form these centrality of the socialist working class.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. V, no. 3/2007, pp. 3-22.
Social capital, trust, and information: some consequences for social policy
Petru Iluţ
*Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca
Abstract: Analysing several definitions, elements, characteristics and types of social capital, it is also suggested as relevant the distinction between structural (stabile) and circumstantial social capital. In fact, we should rather talk about structural and circumstantial (contextual) solidarity. On the other hand, it is very important to circumscribe more precisely what social capital (solidarity) means, because if its content and sphere are extended too much, the concept dilutes and risks losing its descriptive and explanatory power. As for trust, I present and comment on its two main paradigms of interpretation: utilitarian and moral principles, on the role of information and also discuss in a broad sense the theory of asymmetrical information and its consequences in formulating and implementing social policies. In the effort of building a larger stock of social capital it is necessary to create efficient links both vertical (between micro-, mezzo-, and macrosocial entities) and horizontal (on the same level). Considering also the dark side of social capital and solidarity, some possible tensions between administrative decentralization and local interests groups are revealed. Finally, starting from the premise that any action has to rely on an accurate knowledge of the social reality, the article describe some ways to optimize the methodology of the study of social capital, trust and other related concepts.
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Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. V, no. 3/2007, pp. 23-41.
Bunăstarea subiectivă în noile ţări membre ale UE: o evaluare comparativă a tendinţelor
Subjective welfare in the new EU member countries: a comparative assessment of tendencies
Sergiu Bălţătescu*
*University of Oradea
 Full text (PDF) Bălţătescu 3/2007 | 422 kB | 2255 Downloads |
Abstract: Subjective well-being, defined as a personal assessment of one’s life, is increasingly used as an indicator for describing the human dimension of social change. It offers a global evaluation of the effects the social transformations have on the average people, filtered through his attitudes and experiences. The present paper focuses on the effects of transition in eleven postcommunist states that joined or are expected to join soon EU (including East Germany). There will be compared the subjective well-being levels at the beginning (1990-1991), in the middle (1996-1997) and towards the end of the transition process (2004-2005), and I will temp an evaluation of recent trends and predict future changes. Main data sources used were World Database of Happiness, Candidate Countries Eurobarometer (2001-2004), and standard Eurobarometers. Contrary to the theory of effects of .transition with different speeds., patterns of country differences were generally maintained through all this period. The common trend is V-shaped, with a minimum in 1996-1997, supposedly coinciding with or closed to the time when transition crisis hurt most. Only recently national averages seem to return to the initial levels. Close-to-date evolutions in life satisfaction are very slow, almost stagnant. Only the best situated countries can envisage the convergence moments. Other nations haven.t arrived in the block starts of catch-up race, showing that effects of successful transition on average people's lives are still waited.
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Recenzii
Sociologie Românească
Vol. V, nr. 2/2007, pp. 196-206.
Rezumat în limba engleză: Zoltán Rostás, Sorin Stoica (eds.), A Two-Way Trip. Conversations on Working
Abroad (2 vol.) (Antonio Momoc) / 196
Mihai Pascaru (ed.), Catalyse . Knowledge, Participation and Development in the
Community Space (Viorel Cioflică, David Popescu) / 198
József Hegedüs and Raymond J. Struyk (eds.), Housing Finance. New and Old
Models in Central Europe, Russia, and Kazakhstan (Laura Nistor) / 202.