Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
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- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 16424
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 1/2012, pp. 115-130.
Legea asistenţei sociale şi riscurile dependenţei populaţiei de sistemul de ajutor social
Law of Social Work and the Risks of Social Support Dependency
Elena Zamfir*
*Institutul de Cercetare a Calităţii Vieţii, Academia Română, Calea 13 Septembrie nr. 13, sector 5, 050711, Bucureşti, România. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The study presents aspects of the social work policies from the perspective of the new Law of Social Work. From the very beginning, the new law started many controversies, being criticised by many social actors for its claims of reform. Actually, it could not be submitted to a normal public debate, being adopted by an emergency procedure. The basic objection, which encompassed the major dissatisfactions regarding the finality of the new law, refers to the attempt to privatize the public services of social work through their externalization, and to the withdrawal of the state from its social responsibilities. European practices insist increasingly on the introduction of efficient measures of activation on the labour market of the population running the risk of marginalization, as actual support in social service. Active employment policies are those which can ensure in the long run the economic autonomy of the persons depending on social services. In order to notice the progress in this field, social services are the only one which are able to evaluate and monitor this process in time. The measures proposed by the Government through the new law are not at all clear and promising in terms of taking out of dependency the people who are excluded economically from the system of social service. Resources should be shifted massively towards actual job creation, which currently is increasingly doubtful for the vulnerable people. We notice that the results of the governmental programs for job creation are not at all convincing at the level of employment policies through the implementation of a strategy to recover marginalised people. The current program of social support proposed by the Government for this period of austerity is under massive and extremely though political and public attacks, which narrow its chances for sustainability and credibility. Specialists consider, almost unanimously, that the current program of social assistance has no clear direction and strategy of reform, that it has an excessive ambition for continuous change, irrespective of its finality.
Keywords: employment policies; law of social assistance; social work services; financial benefits; social policies; social responsibility.
Cuvinte-cheie: politici ocupaţionale; Legea asistenţei sociale; Servicii specializate de asistenţă socială; beneficii financiare; politici sociale active; responsabilitate socială.
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- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 25073
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 1/2012, pp. 131-147.
Foucault, Social Theory and Social Work
Jason L. Powell*, Hafiz T. A. Khan**
*School of Education and Social Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, PR1 2HE, Email address: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
**Department of Economics and Statistics, Middlesex University, Hendon Campus, London NW4 4BT United Kingdom Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The philosopher Michel Foucault’s theoretical work provides fertile ground for an analysis of areas of significant concern in researching of social work through his development of the ideas of discourse, power/knowledge, surveillance and governmentality. His development of these concepts allows an insight into the function of policy not always apparent in mainstream and contemporary social policy analysis which has been based on the sociological triumvirate of social class, gender and ‘race’. In this article, we can explore how and why these conceptual gifts from Foucault are pertinent to understanding how service users are constructed as objects of social work, particularly with respect to contemporary discourses of social welfare and social exclusion. The paper argues that the use of these ideas challenges some of the less obvious assumptions permeating current developments in social policy and social work provision, whilst also enabling an ability to respond more contextually to shifting frameworks of power and knowledge. There is an acknowledgement of power and its potential positive impact on subjective sense of self and social work has a part to play in this. At the same time, the paper concludes with a warning of ‘risk’ and professional surveillance and its restriction in facilitating empowerment of vulnerable groups.
Keywords: Social Work Surveillance; Foucault; Power Relations; Risk; Vulnerability.
Cuvinte-cheie: supravegherea asistenţei sociale; Foucault; relaţii de putere; risc; vulnerabilitate.
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- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 17286
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 3/2011, pp. 141-151.
Vulnerabilități și riscuri în exploatarea noilor tehnologii de informare și comunicare de către tineri
Vulnerabilities and Risks in Youth's Use of New Information and ComunicationTechnologies
Irina-Elena Popovici
Author Adress: Universitatea „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iaşi, Facultatea de Filosofie şi Ştiinţe Social-Politice, 11/Bd. Carol, 700506 Iaşi.
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Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): Abstract: The article is an extended essay on the subject of the impact of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) over important partitions ofeveryday life, stressing the influences on youth, considered the “digital generation” as they integrated ICTs in their lives and are now continuously connected to the computer-mediated communication as their main or secondary socializing option.The paper underscores the vulnerabilities of youth behaviour when using the ICTsand the virtual space that can generate risks to their personal safety or can have abad influence on the development of their identities or personalities. The article alsoillustrates how the interest for these topics is reflected both in theoretical papers and in empirical researches in the field of sociology, psychology or socialpsychology, and emphasizes the negative effects of ICTs on youth, considering the mentioned variables. The essay approach is inspired by the work of Ulrich Beck, in that it will include general references to the effects of the ICTs on the entire society, but it will underscore the negative ones and their influence over youth, especiallythe risks that cannot be isolated as in real life (Beck, 1992, 2), as they originate inan uncontrollable space, the virtual one. The essay represents the point of view of an adult that did not experimented a childhood or an adolescence connected to the digital technologies (Weber and Mitchell, in Buckingham, 2008, 26), and the opinion of a novice researcher that tried to familiarize first with the previous theoretical and empirical background on the subject of the vulnerabilities of theonline behaviour of children before starting his own research project on a similar topic.
Keywords: technology; Internet; youth; risks; digital; virtual.
Cuvinte-cheie: tehnologie; Internet; tineri; riscuri; digital; virtual.
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- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20618
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IX, no. 1/2012, pp. 148-151.
(Recenzie) Sergiu Bălţătescu, Fericirea în contextul social al tranziţiei postcomuniste din România, Oradea, Editura Universităţii din Oradea, 2009, 287 p.
(Review)(Sergiu Bălţătescu, Happiness in the Social Context of Post-Communist Transition in Romania, Oradea University Press, Oradea, 2009, 287 p.)
Alin-Iosif Croitoru
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- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 18481
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. IX, no. 2/2011, pp. 3-27.
O privire critică asupra "ruinei" economice şi a "decăderii" politice a marii boierimi în prima modernitate
A Critical Approach on the Economic "ruin" and the Political "decay" of the Romanian Great Nobility during the First Modernity
Bogdan Bucur
Author Adress: Universitatea din București, str. Schitu Măgureanu, nr. 9, sector 5, Bucureşti.
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Abstract: The purpose of this article is to challenge Ştefan Zeletin's classical sociological thesis (regarding the economic and politic extinction of the great Wallachian boyar-class) which is not historically sustainble neither on economic, nor on political grounds. From an economic point of view, we argue that the great Wallachian boyar families expanded their areas of economic interest, between 1774 and 1866, through industrial, banking, land-leasing or commercial investments, both internally, by founding market-places and fairs, and internationally, by getting involved in the export of cereal and animal commodities. From a politic point of view, we only remind that between 1859 and 1916, forty-six percent of those who held the highest governmental dignity in the modern Romanian state – that of Prime Minister – were representatives of the twenty-three great Wallachian boyar families.
Keywords: great Wallachian boyar families, political privileges, fiscal privileges, judiciary privileges, economic privileges, transition period from feudalism to capitalism, primitive accumulation of capital, latifundiary capital, commercial capital, mercantilism.
Cuvinte-cheie: marile familii boiereşti valahe, privilegii politice, privilegii fiscale, privilegii judiciare, privilegii economice, tranziţie de la feudalism la capitalism, acumulare primitivă de capital, capital moşieresc, capital comercial, mercantilism.