Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 19572
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XI new series no. 1/2000, pp. 105-124.
Mobilitatea socială în România. Aspecte cantitative și calitative la nivel național și în profil teritorial
Social Mobility in Romania. Quantitative and Qualitative Aspects at National and Regional Level
Corneliu Cârțână
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The paper presents the main dimensions of the intergeneration educational and socio-occupational mobility in Romania (rate of total mobility, ascendant and descendant mobility. structural and net mobility) and their distribution by residential area, historical regions, counties and sex.
The background data are from a November 1999 CURS survey on a sample of 37.474 individuals, representative at the national, regional and county level.
The configuration of the two types of mobility is also analyzed from the angle of each category (position), revealing the dimensions of self-reproduction and status transfer from one generation to the next, within each level of education and for each socio-occupational status.
The results of our analysis, although showing high values for the intergeneration mobility, particularly the ascendant mobility, reveal that this was achieved mainly as mobility of thc first rank (between neighboring categories/positions), especially among the lower levels of the hierarchic scale. The rates of social mobility observed in the residential environment reflect major discrepancies between the urban and rural areas, as well as the trend of widening the gap between the two.
Although, overall, the configuration, direction and size of the educational and socio-occupational mobility in Romania, reveal the open character of the scale of mobility, our analyses show, both the persistence of unequal social opportunities and a lack of agreement between the ,,opening" of the educational system and the opportunities of socio-occupational status, specific to a modern economy.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 35788
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. V, New Series, no. 2-3/1994, pp. 181-192.
Conlocuirea etnică în România. Rezultate ale cercetărilor de teren
Ethnic Cohabitation in Romania. Results of Field Research
Dorel Abraham, Ilie Bădescu
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 43333
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. V, New Series, no. 2-3/1994, pp. 193-203.
Reprezentarea socială a identității naționale a românilor
Social Representation on Romanians' National Identity
Septimiu Chelcea
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 18606
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XI new series no. 1/2000, pp. 125-141.
Justiția socială socialistă și comunismul rezidual în România după un deceniu de tranziție. O analiză secundară
Socialist Social Justice and Residual Communism in Romania after a Decade of Transition
Septimiu Chelcea
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): L'étude est fondée sur l'analyse secondaire des résultats d'un sondage d'opinion publique réalisé à partir d'un échantillon de 37 474 personnes, représentatif sur le niveau national (la marge d'erreur étant de +/- 3%) et départemental (+/- 4%). Le sondage d'opinion publique a été réalisé par le Centre de Sociologie Urbaine et Régionale (CURS) au mois de novembre 1999.
En suivant la méthode de l'analyse secondaire, on a employé les données du sondage pour étudier un autre problème que celui pour lequel ces données ont été recueillies. On a opéra-lionnatisé les conceptes de „justice sociale socialiste" (l'appréciation positive des principes de l'égalité en ce qui concerne la distribution des ressources, et de l'intervention de l'état dans l'économie) et „communisme résiduel” (l'appréciation positive des principes du communisme dans les conditions de la disparition de celui-ci en tant qu'instance de pouvoir et idéologie unique en Roumanie).
La population roumaine de plus de 18 ans est attachée à la justice sociale socialiste dans une proportion presque deux fois plus importante que la population des pays capitalistes développés (les Etats Unis, la Grande Bretagne, la République Fédérale de l'Allemagne, au niveau de l'année 1991) et de presque 1,5 fois plus importante que la population de certaines anciennes pays communistes (la Bulgarie, la Tchechoslovakie, la R.D.A., la Russie, la Hongrie, au niveau de l'année I996.
Sur le plan national, presque la moitié de la population roumaine de plus de 18 ans considère que la justice socialiste est juste, et presque un tiers de l'électoral est caractérisé par une mentalité de type „communisme résiduel".
La distribution des deux phénomènes étroitement lies l'un à l'autre (la justice sociale socialiste et le communisme résiduel) en fonction des régions historiques traditionnelles relève des différences, ce qui plaide en faveur des recherches sociologiques zonales et pour la nécessité d'un Atlas social de la Roumanie.
Cette étude - la première étude de la sorte en Roumanie - met en évidence autant les avantages que les inconvénients de l'analyse secondaire dans les recherches socio-humaines.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 18450
Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), XI new series no. 1/2000, pp. 142-161.
A New ”Cult of Labor”: Stress and Crisis Among Romanian Workers
David A. Kideckel
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): This paper compares the responses of two different groups of workers to Romania's economic crisis. In the literature on the East Central European transformation, where workers are discussed at all, they are described in largely homogenous terms. The groups discussed here, the miners of the Jiu Valley and the chemical workers of the Fagaras region, have many surface similarities including a mono-industrial profile, high unemployment, and extensive labor activism. However, research suggests that the specific way by which workers are incorporated into regional labor systems and the particulars of regional production result in highly variable responses to crisis both within and between regions. In the Jiu Valley, mining is the near sole livelihood. As the mine dominates regional mentalities it also shapes polarized relations between miners and superiors, between active and unemployed miners, in household relations, and in miner views of politics and the state. In contrast, in Fagaras sources of labor and income arc diffused.
While the chemical plants were the chief regional employer, Fagaras workers, also have greater access to village occupations and resources and other alternatives, including emigration. This contributes to somewhat calmer labor relations, more stable domestic relationships, but greater interpersonal jealousy. Given the differences in these basic-production systems, the paper goes on to analyze the nature of political and social responses to their economic problems and suggest different possibilities for intervention