Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 23820
Sociologie Românească, Vol. VII, no. 2/2009, pp. 141-150.
Consideraţii istorico-geodemografice asupra catolicismului din România în perioada 1930-2002
Historical and geo-demographical discussions on the Catholicism in Romania between 1930-2002
Cătălina Mărculeţ, Elena Herda, Ioan Mărculeţ
Abstract: The catholic religion, the second denomination in Romania after the orthodox one from the demographic point of view, penetrated the Romanian territory thought Transylvania, which once conquered by Hungarians (X-XII Centuries), had been organized as an independent voivodeship inside of the Romano-catholic Austro-Hungarian Empire. Later, under the impulse of the Court of Vienna (the Principality of Transylvania was at the end of the XVIIIth Century under Hapsburg domination), some of the Romanians from Ardeal adhered to the Roman Church, founding the Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic. After the Proclamation of Union from 1st of December 1918, the Greco-catholic religion penetrated through the Romanians from Ardeal to the South and East of the Carpathian Mountains, where they founded local communities. In 1930 the catholic population from Romania was counting 2.661.542 persons (1.234.151 Romano Catholics, most of them Hungarians and 1.427.391 Greco Catholics, most of them Romanians). The majority were living in Transylvania (1.414.751 persons), Crişana-Maramureş (562.937) and Banat (355.063). Romano Catholics were mostly inhabiting in Ciuc (81,3%), Timis-Torontal (48,6%), Trei Scaune (36,1%), Odorhei (34,6%) şi Arad (26,5%), while the Greco Catholics in Maramureş (64,4%), Someş (63,5%), Năsăud (60,2%), Satu Mare (59%), Sălaj (52,6%), Cluj (42,7%), Turda (42,3%), Târnava Mica (40,7%), Mureş (32,4%) şi Alba (31,6%). In 1948 the Greco-Catholic Church had been dissolved by the communist govern and most of its believers had been obliged to adhere to the Romanian Orthodox Church. After the Revolution from 1989 this institution has been reinstored, part of the Romanians rejoining the old religion. At the census from 1992 the number of the Catholics from Romania was 1.385.269; 1.161.942 of them were Romano Catholics and 223.327 were Greco Catholics. In 1930 most of them were living in Transylvania, Crişana and Banat counties. While during the following years no significant changes have been registered in territorial repartition, until 2002 a slightly diminution have been noticed, the catholic population reaching 1.223.882 persons. This diminution, influenced as well by the migrations of German population from Banat (mostly Romano Catholics) aligned to the general evolution of the population from Romania.
Keywords: Catholics, Romano-Catholics, Greco-Catholics, territorial repartition, Romania.
Cuvinte-cheie: populaţia catolică, româno-catolică, greco-catolică, repartiţia teritorială, România.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 22716
Sociologie Românească, Vol. VII, no. 2/2009, pp. 130-140.
Direcţii de studiere a religiozităţii în spaţiul creştin ortodox românesc
Directions in the study of religiosity in the Romanian Christian Orthodox space
Anca Gorgan
Abstract: Statistical data point out the high level of Romanians’ religiosity as compared to other European Christian peoples. There is an evident contradiction between this observed reality and the New Testament syntagm which denominates the Christians as the little flock. Moreover, in the study of the religious phenomena from a sociological perspective, a standardized measurement methodology suitable to each Christian denomination is still absent. In this study, I want to identify another way at analyzing the Orthodox Christian religiosity, considering that the sociological arguments must be adequate to the very specificity of this denomination. The questions that will be addressed later represent the starting point of my endeavor that will hopefully finalize in the elaboration of an instrument for the measurement of the Orthodox Christian religiosity.
Keywords: Orthodox Christian religiosity, religious capital, religious habitus, social capital, economic capital, socialization.
Cuvinte-cheie: credință ortodoxă, capital religios, habitus religios, capital social, capital economic, socializare.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 23385
Sociologie Românească, Vol. VII, no. 2/2009, pp. 95-113.
Property reforms in rural Romania and community-based forests
Liviu Mantescu, Monica Vasile
Abstract: The article provides an overview of property reforms in Romania with a focus on collective/community forests. We start by a macro analysis of the laws and their results in the distribution of community forests and a longue-durée description of the principal legal forms of collective forests, such as pădure comunală, obşte and composesorat. Furthermore, we concentrate on two case studies form Bukovina region to reveal the conflicts around the restitution process from an actor-oriented perspective. The conclusions point to the problems of the property laws and stress the fact that, in the context of indeterminate laws, restitution is a perpetual negotiation, influenced by mechanisms such as networking or power relations.
Keywords: property laws, forests, common property, obşte, conflicts, power relations, networking.
Cuvinte-cheie: legile proprietăţii, păduri, proprietate comună, obşte, conflicte, relaţii de putere, retele sociale.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20615
Sociologie Românească, Vol. VII, no. 2/2009, pp. 114-129.
Artizanatul ţărănesc în economia de piaţă din România şi Europa Centrală şi de Est
Peasant handicraft in market economy in Romania and the Central and Eastern Europe
Marin Constantin
Abstract: This text has two objectives referring to the study of the market development of artisanship in Romania, and to the theoretical interpretation of the folk craftsmen's fairs in the comparative context of the open-air markets from Central-Eastern Europe. Our research attempts to answer some questions related to the cultural variability of artisanship, its hybrid character, as well as its regenerative properties within the peasant traditions as a whole. From a methodological viewpoint, the article dwells upon an ethnographic investigation (pursued in terms of participant observation and life-story interviews) of a number of 53 peasant artisans that attended folk fairs held in the summer of 2005, in the cities of Bucharest, Sibiu, Timișoara, and Suceava. The second part of our material represents a compared analysis of the folk fairs and the open-air markets in Central-Eastern Europe. The craftsmen differ from the market traders either as to their working ownership, or as to their administrative and commercial subordination. Despite such important socioeconomic differences, the artisans and the farmers from the agricultural markets share a peasant historical background, and a series of commercial functioning similarities (including the ownership of their goods and trademarks, their relationships with partners coming from the public or private spheres, strategies of retail and wholesale, investments in transportation, the scale of formality-and-informality, and the ethics of trade). As a result, the craftsmen may appear as a relevant reference for more general cultural and economic trends of peasantry in contemporary Romania.
Keywords: artisanship, variability, hybridisation, regeneration, craft fairs, open-air markets.
Cuvinte-cheie: artizanat, variabilitate, hibridizare, regenerare, târguri meșteșugãrești, piețe în aer liber.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20783
Sociologie Românească, Vol. VII, no. 2/2009, pp. 81-94.
Identitate colectivă în două comunități rurale din Transilvania
Collective identity in two rural communities from Transylvania
Adela Popa
Abstract: The article presents some of the results of a case study on two villages in Transylvania, Tălmăcel and Ludoş, from Sibiu County. The article focuses on the theme of collective identity, analyzing empirical variables – proposed by the author – that reflect the ways of identifying with the community of the people in the two villages. Data analyzed resulted from a survey in the two villages, using a bi-stadial sample, and semi-focalised interviews with key-persons from the two villages’ elite. Results show differences in the way people from T\lm\cel and Ludoş identify themselves with their communities and the article tries to explain these differences.
Keywords: collective identity, village, community, case study.
Cuvinte-cheie: identitate colectivă, sat, comunitate, studiu de caz.