Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20763
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IV, no. 4/2006, pp. 76-93.
Îmbătrânirea demografică și unele efecte sociale ale ei
Demographic Aging and Its Social Effects
Traian Rotariu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): Some demographic processes have been listed among other global threats to humankind. A couple of decades ago, overpopulation and the rapid population growth were considered the main demographic risks; today, demographic aging is more and more viewed as a threat. The author argues against the pessimistic and catastrophic views often present in research or social action programs, and submits a realistic thesis, based on socio-demographic analyses of social phenomena. The article discusses the genesis and evolution of the process of demographic aging, and then assesses the dangers involved in this situation. The article focuses on the often-mentioned threat that civilization cannot longer evolve because of aging, and the two risks discussed in the demographic and economic literature: the collapse of the pension system and of the social insurance system. The general conclusion related to these last two issues is that the problems of Occidental societies related to aging are social problems that have social solutions, and they are not demographic problems to be addressed by demographic policies.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20452
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IV, no. 4/2006, pp. 94-108.
Câteva considerații privind situația economică din spațiul rural
Considerations on the Economic Situation in the Rural Space
Radu Baltasiu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): According to the National Census Data (2004), together with other data, we may draw a general outline of the rural economy of Romania at the beginning of the new millennium. The rural economy is at the crossroads between local authorities, private initiative and interests of the urban capital. Local authorities have no resources and lack a broad perspective over the medium and long-term priorities, and the private investors are lacking economic competences. On the other hand, urban capital is often associated with predatory economic behavior. The future of rural economy in Romania is, therefore, very complex.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20801
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IV, no. 4/2006, pp. 121-143.
August von Haxthausen și satul devălmaș rusesc (mir-ul). Asemănări și deosebiri cu satul devălmaș românesc
August von Haxthausen and the Russian Common-Property Village (Mir). A Comparison with the Romanian Common-Property Village
Irina Stănculescu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): Franz Ludwig Maria August freiherr von Haxthausen-Abbenburg, an westphalian nobleman, started a journey throughout Russia in 1843, at the invitation of the Tsar, with the intention of studying the situation of the peasantry. In the work published as a conclusion of his journey, Haxthausen made a description of the Russian rural commune (the Mir) with special references to the structure of the Russian family, the composition of the household, the system of property, with its collective and individual ownership of the land. His observations have remained a reference point in the rural life studying, especially in what later will be called rural sociology. Comparing these informations with those concerning the Romanian rural commune, there can be observed some resemblances but also some differences between these two types of village. Thus, resembling elements can be found especially in what concerns the agrarian techniques. Other elements, like those concerning the family structure, distinguish the Russian rural society, in which the extended family dominates, from the Romanian one, in which, with rare exceptions, the family composed only by one married couple dominates.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 21210
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IV, no. 4/2006, pp. 109-120.
Implicații sociale ale fenomenului migrației internaționale
Social Consequences of International Migration
Mariana Stanciu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): The latest studies on international migration underline the controversial character of this phenomenon, especially in the field of social development of the states involved. Starting from identifying the present international migration trends, this study provides a new image on the most important social changes (in demography, society and economy), with special issues regarding the Central and Eastern European countries.
- Detalii
- Scris de ARS
- Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
- Accesări: 20871
Sociologie Românească, Vol. IV, no. 4/2006, pp. 144-160.
Studiile culturale britanice și problemele comunicării. Contribuția lui Raymond Williams
British Cultural Studies and Problems of Communication. The Contribution of Raymond Williams
Paul Dobrescu
Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): British Cultural Studies represent a cultural movement that flourished in the United Kingdom in the 60s and 70s. The main authors belonging to that movement Richard Hoggart, Raymond Williams, Edward Thompson and Stuart Hall put forth unique perspectives on culture and communication. Their contributions were the starting point for a wide array of concerns and research projects across all continents, that came to be united under the umbrella term Cultural Studies. This article focuses on Raymond Williams work, based on the idea that his theoretical contribution to the study of communication and culture is the most enduring and encompassing one. Williams view on communication is extensively analysed, with a focus on the features setting it apart from the prevailing thinking about culture, audience, and audiences response. According to this culturally richer view, communication means transmission, reception as well as response. Moreover, this response may mean either approval or rejection. Using terms that are strikingly similar to those used by the Chicago School thinkers, Williams underlines the idea that only the existence of a genuine community, with a well-structured experience can guarantee the possibility of the response to a certain message. These are prerequisites that influence the very possibility of a response. When in place, these prerequisites may diminish the prominence of the source and turn the communication process from a matter of mere transmission to genuine exchange. Thus, says Williams, when talking about communication, one does not deal with two persons talking to each other, but with two worlds, two types of social and cultural experience, involving different meanings, interpretations and even codes.