Rezumate Sociologie Românescă
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. VIII, no. 3/2010, pp. 132-146.
Antrenament pentru autocontrolul furiei la delincvenţii juvenili agresivi
Anger management training for young juvenile delinquents
Popa Siţa*
*The Tichileşti Penitentiary, Brăila
Abstract: I have developed the controlling anger exercise in the penitenciary, having as objectives reducing the aggressive behaviour, increasing the self-control capacity as well as reducing the number of conflicts between the groups. 7 minor delinquents have participated, with a level of education from 2 to 5 grades, ages between 12 and 15, which during executing their confinig punishment, have had multiple aggressive and conflict generating manifestations. The institutional diciplinary measures have had no effect whatsoever. The research methods used were: the observation, the interview, the anamnesis, the documentation-from the penitenciary's files. The strategies used were based on technics of controlling the anger and of reducing the aggressive behaviour, adopting a rational-emotive and behavioural-cognitive approach. The program has developed over 8 analysed themes in 20 psycho-therapeutical group meetings with a frequency of 2 times a week. Every group meeting has been composed of relaxing and accomodation exercises, role play and own assignments. The applied tests were: The progressive matrices of Raven; Woodworth-Mathews questionary; The tree test; The self appreciating questionary; The level of anger inventary; The level of anger jurnal. The results of this exercise have been the estimated ones. In conclusion, this kind of courses must be repeted among this kind of communities but can be broadened to mass education as well as an intervention method and as a prevention one as well.
Keywords: agresivity, anger, juvenile.
Cuvinte-cheie: agresivitate, furie, delincvenţa juvenilă.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. VIII, no. 3/2010, pp. 118-131.
Cum să abordăm diferenţele de vârstă şi gen în practica probaţiunii?
How should age and gender differences be approached in probation practice?
Ionela Vlase*
*University Neuchâtel - Elveţia
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the manner in which age and gender influence criminal behavior, criminal career and rehabilitation. We chose these two variables because in the literature they are often considered. Other characteristics such as religion, ethnicity or health status are equally important but less documented. Our task is not to provide an exhaustive description of such researches, but rather to offer some guides for future research on delinquency in our country, where little is known about the interaction of these variables and the importance of these interactions in the choice of most appropriate methods of intervention.
Keywords: Probation, age, gender, equality, deviance, desistance, criminogenic needs.
Cuvinte-cheie: probaţiune, vârstă, gen, devianţă, desistare, nevoi criminogene.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. VIII, no. 3/2010, pp. 98-107.
Filicidul maternal şi paternal în România: tendinţe şi factori de risc
Maternal and paternal filicide in Romania: risk factors
Ecaterina Balica*
*Institute of Sociology "Dimitrie Gusti", Romanian Academy of Science
Abstract: The article presents the results of an investigation conducted on a group of people definitively convicted for committing acts of murder that in the domain literature can be confined to the term filicid. In our opinion, the term filicid means "murder committed by parents over their children, regardless of the victim's age" (Jacques D. Marleau et all, 1999). The aim of our investigations was to identify - at an individual, family and community level - the occuring risk factors influencing paternal and maternal filicid, in order to provide necessary feedback for actions ment to prevent the acts of murder committed by parents over their children. The methodology used allowed us to obtain information on the family of origin in which the aggressor has evolved until the age of 18 years, on the family he developed, on the relations inside the family of origin and inside the family the murder occurred in, information about how the crime was committed, as well as data on situational factors that have competed to achieve the act of violence. Since our research interest to murder commited inside family space materialized in the form of previous studies, in the present article we have also tried to achieve a comparison between those who commit murders inside the family area and individuals who commit filicid.
Keywords: filicid, paternal filicid, maternal filicid, risk factors, murder in family space.
Cuvinte-cheie: filicid, filicid paternal, filicid maternal, factori de risc, omor în spaţiul familial.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. VIII, no. 3/2010, pp. 108-117.
Lege, preferinţă de timp şi criminalitate
Law, temporal preference and criminality
Alexandru Odea*
*University "Transilvania" Braşov
Abstract: This article focuses on the theoretical research of the nature and the dynamics of the mechanisms and relations between the political system, legislative system, social time preference and the criminal phenomenon. The article has three parts: the first part contains the study of the general phenomenon of time preference; the second part contains the study of the relations between the political system and the legislative system, the incentive structure implied and the effects on the social time preference; and the last part contains the relation between the rise of social time preference and the criminal phenomenon. The research will show that the legislative system produces uncertainty in the social relations and the rise of social time preference. This rise of the social time preference stimulates the rise in criminal rate beyond the level that would have been reached in the absence of this rise (of the social time preference).
Keywords: legislation, incentive structure, time preference, certainty, class culture, criminality, anomie.
Cuvinte-cheie: legislaţie, structura de stimulente, preferinţă de timp, certitudine, cultură de clasă, criminalitate, anomie.
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Sociologie Românească, Vol. VIII, no. 3/2010, pp. 82-97.
Factorii favorizanţi ai recidivei. O tipologie a infractorilor de carieră
Influencing factors of recidivism. A typology of career delinquents
Cristina Dâmboeanu*
*Institute of Sociology "Dimitrie Gusti", Romanian Academy of Science
Abstract: This article presents the main results of a qualitative research conducted in 2008, based on in-depth interviews with 40 recidivists incarcerated in Giurgiu, Jilava, Rahova and Târgşor penitentiaries. The research findings allowed the identification, in relation with the factors that encourage recidivism, of four main categories of offenders: 1) the recidivists "constrained" by the social circumstances, who perpetuate their criminal behaviours because of the social and material difficulties they faced with after their release from prison; 2) the recidivists for whom the crime and the lack of a legitimate job represents a way of life; 3) the drug addicts who are pushed on a long term criminal career by their heroin abuse and 4) the accidental recidivists, who mention that crime is not representative for them and who resort to the classical neutralization strategies when they talk about their offences.
Keywords: recidivism, criminal career, criminal lifestyle, drug abuse.
Cuvinte-cheie: recidivă, carieră infracţională, stil de viaţă infracţional, abuz de droguri.