Detalii

Scris de ARS

Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă

Publicat: 06 Decembrie 2013

Accesări: 4869

Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. X, no. 3/2012, pp. 5-8.

Spaţiul rural, între reconstrucţie şi dezvoltare: introducere la numărul tematic coordonat de profesorul Gheorghe Şişeştean

Rural Space, between Reconstruction and Development: Introduction to the Thematic Issue Coordinated by Professor Gheorghe Şişeştean

Sergiu Bălțătescu*

*Universitatea din Oradea, Departamentul de Sociologie, Asistenţă Socială şi Filozofie, Str. Universităţii 1, Oradea, Romania. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..

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 Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): Romanian rural space, preserved in an altered state after five decades of communism,  and ongoing a continuous transformation, has the exceptional elements of continuity and specificity to justify the focus of study of the specialists from Romania and from abroad. This is also proved by this collection of text edited by the professor Gheorghe Sisestean, who tragically left us in October 2012. Having received a doctorate at Sorbonne in the nineties, and appointed as professor of Sociology at the University of Oradea, Romania, Gheorghe Sisestean was dedicated to the research on rural identity and fully integrated with the stream of Romanian and international research in the field. A part of his work concerned the identities of Romanians abroad, as his very recent book „Romanian who faded” shows. Another part is linked with the structure and transformations of Romanian rural areas. He was a uniquely original voice among the researchers of Romanian peasantry, speaking passionately against the thesis of the end of this social class.

Keywords: rural research; anthropology; Romanian sociology; Gheorghe Şişeştean.

Cuvinte cheie: cercetare rurală; antropologie; sociologie românească; Gheorghe Şişeştean.

Detalii

Scris de ARS

Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă

Publicat: 06 Decembrie 2013

Accesări: 4597

Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. X, no. 3/2012, pp. 30-43.

La vache, l'éleveur et l'investisseur. De la tradition à l'industrialisation: une reconfiguration des campagnes?

The Cow, the Breeder and the Investor. From Tradition to Industrialization: a Reconfiguration of the Contryside?

Séverine Lagneaux*

*Université catholique de Louvain, UCL, Belgique. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..

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 Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): On the field of the breeding, whether in Romania or Belgium, the actors are afraid of disappearing. An ethnographic immersion in the heart of three farms of origin and different types (traditional, conventional and industrial) makes it possible to apprehend these fears. In addition to the weight of a strong competition and heavy economic constraints, it is a form of being in the world. Indeed, if they share an activity of domestication, the stockbreeders do not make the same job: their descriptions are different and their relations to livestock are various. The content of breeder’s job is not confined solely to the production. To produce consumer goods is not sufficient to produce meaning. Domestication appears rich of a reciprocity potentially threatened by the development of the cattle industry, where the animals, production units, are compared to a machine. To tend to make disappear the traditional or conventional farms, promote economic profitability is also to support the instrumentalisation of the animal whose impact will not relate only on the landscape of the campaigns but to our way human being.

Keywords: dairy breeding; domestication; relationships humans–animals; gospodarie;  ethnography.

Cuvinte cheie: creşterea animalelor pentru lapte; domesticire; relaţii oameni–animale; gospodărie; etnografie.

Detalii

Scris de ARS

Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă

Publicat: 06 Decembrie 2013

Accesări: 4616

Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. X, no. 3/2012, pp. 9-29.

Between Loneliness and Survival. An Everyday Life Fragment in the Collectivized Village

Gheorghe Şişeştean*

*University of Oradea, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Philosophy, Str. Universităţii 1, Oradea, Romania.

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 Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): In this paper I will try to reconstitute some aspects of the everyday reality in the collectivized village in the seventh and eighth decades of the last century. I will focus on Aluniş village from the Benesat commune, Sălaj County, a village situated on Someş Valley, on the railway connecting cities Jibou and Baia Mare. The reconstruction is based on the memories, written almost daily, of a villager, Paşca Alexa, who was a former political prisoner. Beyond the inevitable subjectivity of such notes, they point to the daily fight for survival of the villagers, the strategies used to meet the challenges of the communist regime, and also they capture the acuity end of the peasantry, against the background of major social processes of the communist period. Using a contextual-localist methodological perspective based on everyday life testimonies, I tried to show that the communist regime cannot be catalogued in a reductionist and abstract way. It is, like any social structure, a builder of historicity, even if it implied a great human drama. Within the proposed approach I have tried to restore fragments of everyday life during the communist regime. I followed both relations of population with the authority and interpersonal relationships within the rural communities, which constitute the subjects of the diaries.

Keywords: traditional peasant type village; survival strategies; end of peasantry; rural individualism; rural loneliness.

Cuvinte cheie: sat tradiţional de tip ţărănesc; strategii de supravieţuire; sfârşitul ţărănimii; individualism rural; singurătate rurală.

Detalii

Scris de ARS

Categorie: Rezumate Sociologie Românescă

Publicat: 06 Decembrie 2013

Accesări: 4784

Sociologie Românească (Romanian Sociology), Vol. X, no. 3/2012, pp. 62-76.

Religiozitate populară şi solidaritate rituală în spaţiul rural românesc

Folk Religiosity and Ritual Solidarity in Romanian Rural Space

Ioana Repciuc*

*Institutul de Filologie Română „A. Philippide" al Academiei Române – Filiala Iaşi, Str. Th. Codrescu nr. 2, Iaşi, 700481. E-mail: Această adresă de email este protejată contra spambots. Trebuie să activați JavaScript pentru a o vedea..

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 Abstract (Rezumat în limba engleză): This paper explores the concept of folk religiosity within rural space in Romania, taking into account the secularization theories and the contemporary shape of ritual practices in small traditional communities. The reference to some quantifying sociological results destined to measure the religiosity of Romanians reveles the necessity to determine the special situation of folk ceremonies in the synthetical approach of sociologists of religion. With the help of ethnographic data provided by our recent field research, we try to elucidate the social functions of religious communal rituals in their traditional settings. A typology of social motivation of these unsysthematic rituals affected of lack of „religiously correctness” is drawn from the original confessional motivation, to the contemporary ones, such as the hedonistic and social solidarity motivation of the calendaric and parish level ceremonies. The ethnological background offers a qualitative, applied and neo-durkheimian alternative of the general sociology of religion in its rural case studies. Not following accurately the Western paradigma of secularization, rural realities in Romanian still traditional society are related to environmental and economic challenges, one of the widespread reason for appealling the supernatural forces, such as we investigate in a Moldavian rural community, with conservative lifestyle. In a structured comparison with that one, a village near the Danube river, in southwestern Oltenia proves that ritual life is maintained by young generations, even though the performers generally ignore the belief system and the religious imagery that generated the ritual action. The paper proposes an interdisciplinary view on a specific aspect of rural life, envisaged in its historical and functional features, an important item in the contemporary struggle between globalism and localism. More related to the „belonging without believing” model of approaching religiosity, the Romanian rural community tends to much less a community of faith and more a community of practice or ritual.

Keywords: folk religion; Romanian village; solidarity; orthodox holiday; Moldavia; Oltenia;  tradition.

Cuvinte cheie: religie populară; satul românesc; solidaritate; sărbătoare ortodoxă; Moldova; Oltenia; tradiţie.